The Brazilian Cycle - 1732 Words

The Brazilian Cycle The act of slavery has been embedded into the foundation of Brazil for centuries. However, it is this past which contributes to the present, and provides the identity of the common Brazilian. Even in its destructive manner, the origin and cultures of the slaves, which built Brazil, are now the forces which unite a nation. The cycle of slavery in Brazil is exemplified by several events. For example, the Tupi-Guarani people. Before the influx of the Portuguese in 1500, this clan, composed of two different tribes, dominated the eastern shore. However, even with multiple similarities,† [t]he Tupi were further subdivided into numerous village-based group,† and â€Å"engag[ed] in constant warfare with one another† (Lungfur 16).†¦show more content†¦As any fierce band of warriors would do, the Tupi approached the white men without hesitation and â€Å"exchanged several hats for a feathered headdress and a string of white pearls† – marking the moment of what would be the loss of their culture and civilization (Langfur 1). For decades, the relationship between the Portuguese and native was cooperative. The Tupi showed eagerness to understand these foreigners and even negotiated to the best of their abilities to exchange items for goods. Nonetheless, this did not deter the pioneers from seeking to fulfill their own needs – economically and consciously. As the lands proved to be fertile in agriculture and minerals, the natives were seen as a valuable resource in order to cultivate the land. Yet, as observed with other civilization, dominating a nation of Tupi would prove to be costly. Attempts to redirects natives towards European ideologies began immediately. Upon arrival, the clerics performed a sermon on each Sunday through the duration of the stay (Langfur 1). The Tupi memorized by the ritualistic actions of the clerks, â€Å"helped carry the cross, kissed it, and knelt before it in the manner of the sailors† (Langfur 2). Meanwhile, the pilgrims infiltrated the Tupi society via cunhadismo. This is the term applied by the Portuguese to the societal structure of Tupi, which dictates the integration between Tupi families. More specifically, this system places an emphasis between brother-in-laws, whichShow MoreRelatedThe Variacoes Ritmicas Op.15 Op.15 Op.15 Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagesthe most significant Nobre’s composition from his second period. In this piece, Nobre explores serial techniques and percussive elements. 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One-sided Reporting from Sports Media - 1150 Words

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Harley-davidson internal and external analysis free essay sample

Gather the financial information necessary to do a complete ratio analysis and the BSC key metrics information. If you were going to create a BSC, what would be the key metrics you would measure in each of the four BSC areas: †¢Financial †¢Customer †¢Internal Business Process †¢Learning and Growth Perform a ratio analysis using H-Ds five-year financial performance. Interpret the meaning of the ratios and financial performance. Summarize and support your findings in a 2—3 page Word document entitled The Analysis of H-Ds Current Strategy: Two Views. Be sure to include the ratio analysis. You may also include other graphics to support your narrative. Competitors Based on your analysis, you must decide which two competitors present the biggest competitive threat to H-D. Perform a financial ratio analysis for the competitor after looking at trends in financial performance over five years, and compare the trends to industry averages. Be sure you have a clear ranking of the industries competitors Lateresa Blackwell March 12, 2014 Business Policy Strategic Solutions | BUS499 R01 Faculty: Boris Mendez While analyzing Harley-Davidson and their effectiveness with handling obligations of current ratios of 1. 9 and the quick ration of 1. 47 when it should be on average approximately near 2 and quick ratio near 1 within the motor-cycle industry on averages are consistent with those numbers. In the case of Harleys current ratio it shows to be slightly below the industry average while the quick ratio is above it, with that being said, these numbers indicate Harley-Davidson should have no issues paying its obligations. They have proven to show consistency with their numbers over the past few years, even with them showing a slight decrease in the ratios from 2008. According to the 2009 report Harley-Davidson’s ratios indicate they have a strong financial position to cover their obligations. With Harley showing a decline in revenues in 2009 they have been put in a position to borrow on a higher percentage of its financing than most of the companies in the industry due to a slowing in the economy may have contributed to the debt percentage being slightly higher. When looking at the overall number of the industry, Harley-Davidson’s profits are struggling because of their ratios; they are not showing the ability to generate a profit they are receiving from their shareholders, from their assets or its sales according to the report. Looking at the revenue from their motorcycles and related parts segments, it appears Harley has shown a steady decline which says they are in a deeper issue than just the slow economy. In their annual report they continue to show a decline in their income since 2007 (2009 Harley-Davidson Annual Report). However, Harley is showing effectiveness in its collecting receivables, as evidenced by its day’s sales in receivables. While the industry average was high with averages around 55, Harley had a collection period averaging 20 days. A chart of Harley-Davidsons financial information and industry averages (Harley-Davidson, 2010). Harley-Davidson, Inc. Financial Ratios 2009 2008 2007 HOG Quartile Ind. Avg. HOG Quartile Ind. Avg. HOG Quartile Ind. Avg. Solvency Ratios: Current 1. 91 MED 2. 1 2. 1 MED 2. 2 1. 82 MED 1. 9 Quick 1. 47 MED-UQ 1. 1 1. 8 UQ 1. 2 1. 54 MED-LQ 0. 9 Current Liabilities to Net Worth 107 MED-LQ 67 124 LQ 64. 6 80. 2 MED 69. 5 Current Liabilities to Inventory 702 LQ 252. 8 649 LQ 336. 4 545 LQ 256. 5 Total Liabilities to Net Worth 334 LQ 100. 7 176 LQ 95. 1 138 LQ 89. 4 Fixed Assets to Net Worth 46. 7 LQ 21. 5 53. 7 LQ 20. 6 47. 9 LQ 16. 1 Leverage Ratios: Leverage 0. 77 N/A 0. 47 0. 47 N/A 0. 61 0. 58 N/A 0. 61 Debt to Equity 3. 34 N/A 0. 88 1. 76 N/A 1. 55 1. 38 N/A 1. 6 Profitability Ratios: Return on Sales (Profit Margin) -1. 15 MED-LQ 2. 4 11 UQ 3. 6 15. 2 UQ 1. 5 Return on Assets -0. 6 MED-LQ 2. 8 8. 36 MED 5 16. 5 UQ 3. 7 Return on Net Worth (Return on Equity) -2. 6 LQ 7. 2 30. 9 UQ 16. 7 39. 3 UQ 6. 5 Efficiency Ratios: Inventory Turnover (Sales to Inventory) 14. 8 UQ 9. 2 15. 7 MED 13. 2 17. 6 MED-UQ 10. 8 Collection Period 20. 6 UQ 56. 6 9. 02 UQ 52. 2 43. 1 Asset to Sales 191. 5 LQ 99. 5 131. 5 LQ 82. 7 92. 1 LQ 63. 5 Sales to NWC 2. 3 LQ-MED 3. 2 2. 05 LQ-MED 3. 5 3. 9 LQ 5. 3 Accounts Payable to Sales 3. 4 UQ 5. 9 5. 1 UQ-MED 6. 5 5. 3 MED-UQ 8. 3 What are the internal strengths and weaknesses of Harley-Davidson? They are looking at a very strong future when looking internally which is essential to the future success of the company. Their customer base and the strength of their brand are most important, and has been their foundation for a numbers of years. This could actually help in this current economy state because the consumer will shop for a brand because consumers are creatures of habit, and with Harley-Davidson’s brand being around for years it has earned a reputation of stability ir-regardless of its numbers as a whole, the customer is familiar with the brand and trust the company. Harley has recently begun branching out to market other consumers like women and younger riders, because they have always been known for the middle aged white males, but the clientele is expanded to women, younger riders, African Americans, and Hispanic riders are on the rise as well. Harley-Davidson is dedicated to continuing the success achieved, by offering quality of their products and a great experience with providing their customers with every great experience for riding and caring for their bikes. They have even implementing a University for engineers who can service Harley bikes alone. With every organization Harley-Davidson has weaknesses that can be minimized in order to continue growing in their industry for the future. They have in the year past targeted to a limited market more towards middle-aged men but recently they have changed their strategy by advertising to women and younger riders to increase their market base. Their bikes are also expensive which they believe they stand on their brand which is strong within itself (2009 Harley-Davidson Report 10-K). While this may be true, HD will need to look at keeping their prices competitive in order for them to attract more customers. It would be for the better of the company to take advantage of their strength yet overcome their weakness by making a few internal adjustments (Lenz, 2010). By looking at the SWOT analysis, One of Harley’s greatest strengths are the strong brand image and its loyal customer base. Although a strength, these factors need to have both short and long-term goals to keep them in strong and profitable to Harley throughout the years. However there are of course weaknesses that Harley must minimize in order to maintain growth of past marketing efforts towards middle-aged men. They have been making every effort in recent years to advertise towards a new market and must continue to do so effortlessly to achieve and maintain their growth. They will also need to be conscious about minimizing their falling sales and the decline in liquidity ratio. If they can get a handle on this weakness they can resolve their fall and can look forward to positive long-term effects on the company’s growth. One of the areas of opportunities that Harley has started to focus in on is the advantage of the market towards women and young riders which are showing a large interest in riding, this is a market that is sure to keep the company growing for the better. It will be imperative for Harley to continue these marketing efforts to achieve growth in these demographics. Another area of opportunity for the company is their overseas market for Harley motorcycles. The company is planning to establish between 100 and 150 dealerships overseas through the year 2014 with the goal of international sales composing 40% of total sales (2009 Harley-Davidson Report 10-K). According to the report, Harley must look at the threat of the motorcycles which are a luxury commodity and with the recent recession, many customers do not have the income to purchase seasonal vehicles. For their aging market is an imminent threat since the current customer base is made up of middle-aged men. However, since Harley is beginning to make more marketing efforts to target other groups, this could minimize the threat (Lenz, 2010). Harley-Davidson is looking at the opportunity to adopt a strategy of growth in a horizontal approach which would be most beneficial which would allow Harley to expand more into their overseas markets. They could use a licensing method to begin overseas production and sales of motorcycles to penetrate this growing market. Obtaining a license would allow Harley to break into the markets with a minimal investment. Especially if the demand increases with time, Harley could possibly look into the opportunity to build a plant in this market and begin permanent production. This is an awesome opportunity for the company, but building overseas can be risky, especially with patent its brand, so it would be imperative for Harley to make sure to legally protect their copyright, patents and other intellectual rights. The licensing would need to be thoroughly writing and looked over by their attorney. Although the growth strategy may seem appealing to Harley, it would be beneficial for Harley to follow a very strategic stability for expanding their market overseas because to the different laws and government structures in other countries along with the currency rates, all these things will need to be carefully looked at before increasing this market. This opportunity of course will increase overseas but it will not resolve the issues of the declining growth of revenue here abroad they may need to take an approach to slow down a little to evaluate then proceed with caution with a strategy to determine the direction for the company’s future. It will be imperative for Harley to review its marketing strategies to make sure they are on the right path to being effective and successful. With the company moving forward slow but steady they can do some thorough research to fully understand why they have plummeted in revenue and how they can turn this around. Once they have stabilized their domestic position they can then evaluate their resources for expanding internationally with a solid financial foundation and strategy here in the U. S. (Lenz, 2010).

Speech 4-Persuasion Essays - Public Speaking,

Speech 4-Persuasion Adapting the Motivated Sequence Interested but undecided audience: 7 minute speech Note: find support material in earlier speeches [SP=speech] Edit work. Practice. Do not read your work to your audience( GP=to persuade SP=to persuade my audience to [describe action] Introduction Attention - opening story - five to six sentences Orientation - one sentence-relate to this audience Preview - Now let's explore [insert your term topic] Body I. Need Step [claim of fact][Look at SP 3--I. Problem Statement] A. History: Review history of need/problem [SP 2][Intro/Background] B. Status Quo: Describe current situation [status quo] [SP 3][I.C.] C. Harm: Show why decision is imperative [example of harm] [SP3][I.B.] II. Satisfaction Step [claim of fact or policy][SP 3][II. Solution] A. Plan: outline plan of action; B. Action: action step [SP3][II.A.] C. Benefits: demonstrate advantages [benefits][SP3][III.B] III. Visualization Step [claim of value] Two world views exist. A. Negative: Imagine...Paint negative picture of what life will be like if we don't accept plan-if we just continue on the same path B. Positive: Paint positive picture of what life will be like if we do accept plan-if we change Conclusion Summary - write "In conclusion," then restate main points I and II Action- request action -restate call to action-ex: write your congress member to pass... Final Fix - If x, then y...connect moral to opening story Bibliography or citation page Follow APA format...

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY Essays - Superconductivity, Free Essays

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY Essays - Superconductivity, Free Essays SUPERCONDUCTIVITY The definition of superconductivity. Superconductivity is a phenomenon displayed by certain conductors that show no resistance to the flow of electric current. Conductors are materials in which the electron current goes through. There are 4 different kinds of conductors. Insulators, like glass or wood, have a very high resistance while semi-conductors, such as silicon, have a medium resistance. Conductors, like copper and other metals, have very low resistance, and superconductors, comprised of certain metals such as mercury and ceramics such as lanthanum-barium-copper-oxide, have no resistance. Resistance is an obstacle in the flow of electricity. Superconductors also have strong dimagnetism. In other words, they are repelled by magnetic fields. Due to these special characteristics of superconductors, no electrical energy is lost while flowing and since magnetic levitation above a superconductor is possible, new technology in the future could include high-speed trains that travel at 483 km/h (300 mph) while levitating on a cushion of air, powerful medical systems that have many more capabilities than the CAT scan, or even magnetically driven ships that get their power from the ocean itself (Gibilisco 1993, p 28). Making materials become superconductors. When superconductivity was first discovered, it was established that the compounds needed to be cooled to within several degrees Kelvin to absolute zero (zero Kelvin). Zero degrees Kelvin is the same as -460 degrees Fahrenheit and -273 degrees Celsius. The large amount of cooling was done by putting the compound in liquid helium. Helium, which is usually a gas, liquefies when its temperature drops to 4 K. Once the material had cooled to that temperature, it became a superconductor. However, using liquid helium to cool down material has been a problem. Liquid helium is very expensive, and the cooling equipment is very large (Langone 1989, p 8). In the past, there was no economic incentive to replace ordinary conductors with superconductors because the cooling costs for superconductors were so high. Scientists have tried to find ways to overcome the cooling problems, and so far they have found 2. The first is to find a way to cool the material using something less expensive and less bulky than liquid helium. The second way is to raise the temperatures that are necessary to cause superconductivity in the metals, or the critical temperatures. By combining materials into superconducting alloys, the temperature was raised slightly. By 1933, the critical temperature was at 10 K, and it wasn't until 1969 when the critical temperature was raised to 23 K and scientists tried, unsuccessfully, to raise it again. Then, in 1986, 2 IBM researchers in Zurich found a complex ceramic material that was superconducting at 30 K. After being increased to 39 K in late 1986, a critical temperature of 98 K was reported by Ching-WuChu and his research team at the University of Houston in 1987. A new coolant was then used. Liquid nitrogen liquefies at 77 K, is fairly inexpensive, and can even be carried around in a thermos (Mayo 1988, p 7). Liquid nitrogen costs about 50 cents a liter, while liquid h elium costs several dollars a liter. Thanks to this new discovery, efficient and cost-effective superconductors could be created. HISTORY OF THE SUPERCONDUCTOR Discovery. In 1911, the Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovered superconductivity while doing research on the effects of extremely cold temperatures on the properties of metals. While conducting his experiments, he discovered that mercury list all resistance to the flow of electricity when it was cooled to about 4 K. He then went on to discover superconductivity in other metals. In each case, the material had to be cooled to within several degrees Kelvin to absolute zero. To further his experiments, Onnes once put a current in a superconductor that was formed in the shape of a ring, and cooled it in liquid helium. One year after removing the source of electricity, the current was still flowing at its original strength in the superconductor (Hazen 1988, p 31). The only downside to the new finding was that scientists were unable to explain how it worked. Many scientists had theories, but it was Albert Einstein who perhaps summed it up best when he said in 1922, "With our cons iderable ignorance of complicated quantum-mechanical systems, we are far from

How Do I Answer SAT Sentence Completion Questions Without Knowing Vocabulary

How Do I Answer SAT Sentence Completion Questions Without Knowing Vocabulary SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Imagine you’re taking the SAT Critical Reading, when all of a sudden you come across a sentence completion question that completely stumps you. What are strategies you can use to help with this situation, and what are some ways to avoid this situation altogether? The College Board’s advice is helpful, but only goes so far. Keep reading for solutions to this issue. I'll go over ways to avoid sentence completion questions entirely, common wisdom advice, and what I think really works. NOTE: This article discusses a type of question that no longer appears on the SAT. For more information about what is included in the SAT Reading section, read this article.

Gun control Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Gun control - Research Paper Example This paper will argue in favor of right to bear arms. Citizens should be allowed to bear arms because it leads to decrease in criminal activity, it can help in avoiding mass shooting events and will provide citizens to secure themselves from the threat of experiencing losses. Body Those who argue in favor of strict laws tend to defend their stance by stating that there is a positive relationship between the number of arms owned by the citizens of a nation and the number of gun related criminal activity. In another assertion, it can be said that the number of criminals can increase if they will be psychologically be consider themselves as much powerful over others. As per the lawful clauses of bearing a gun, it is important to make use of gun for self-defense following the clauses i.e. to shoot on the leg of the criminal or making use of it to warn at the first place. By bearing arms, it might be a common behavior to make use of it without following the clauses. ... Secondly it is not necessary that the criminal activity that is being conducted with the use of guns is performed while using legally obtained guns. If citizens are allowed to bear arms, they can help in reducing criminal activity taking place in a particular region. Lott states that right to bear arms help innocent, law abiding citizens to defend themselves from the criminals and he figured out that if one extra female is allowed to carry a gun, the probability of her getting killed decreases by more than 3 times (Lott 1). Statistics quoted by Lott in his research clearly indicate that right to bear arms allows law abiding citizens to protect themselves from the threat of being killed. By discussing the opposing view regarding bearing of arms, it can be well stated that by prohibiting the citizens from bearing the arms does not justify the possibility of completed eradication of criminal activities. There are many ways in which criminal activities are recorded without using guns. Cr iminals can be violent to the level that they can beat a person to death. There are no statistical base on which it can be proven that the countries where bearing arms is prohibited have actually been able to decrease the number of criminal cases. In addition, if criminals will get to know that their actions will be resisted by a person holding proper tool for self-defense then it is more likely that they will avoid committing crime because of the fear of being caught. Another reason due to which opponents of right bear arms promote strict gun laws because they believe that criminals are not rationale decision makers and once they decide to commit crime, they will do so without thinking about it for the second time. They

Why I want to attend law school Personal Statement

Why I want to attend law school - Personal Statement Example However, it was only after I faced a lot of hardships in life did I realize the importance of education and that it alone can help in the betterment of an individual. I then completed my schooling and learnt some office skills before I decided to enroll in a law career. After I enrolled in the Department of Paralegal studies at Everest College in Dallas, my heart was set on becoming an attorney and to help people in hardship. I was eager to learn everything in all areas of law and also worked hard in my program. Even before I attended formal education, I had a strong desire to help the poor and the needy. In my second year of college I was offered an externship position in the law office of one of the adjunct professors whose primary areas were criminal defense and family law. When I took the externship, I learnt that the office provided several pro bono legal services to the poor and during my tenure I assisted my professor in preparing legal documents of his indigent clients in cas es such as divorces and other marital issues, landlord/tenant disputes, child custody issues. I spent extensive hours reading the client case files, researching and writing briefs and preparing the cases for the court hearings.

Fluency in a Foreign Language Essay Example for Free

Fluency in a Foreign Language Essay Thesis: Fluency in a foreign language should be required for all students before graduation from high school. Introduction: In a world of advancing technology and higher education, it is imperative that students take the time to develop unique talents and skills in order to gain a competitive edge over the average individual. I. Fluency in a foreign language builds character. A. The time and commitment required from students to learn an entire new alphabet and vocabulary builds diligence. B. The achievement realized by students as they begin to understand and converse in a second language produces confidence. II. Fluency in a foreign language builds life skills. A. The ability to converse fluently in another language with an entirely new realm of people builds communication skills. B. The readiness to alternate between languages with family and friends builds flexibility skills. III. Fluency in a foreign language creates unique opportunities. A. Fluency in a foreign language gives unique traveling opportunities. B. Fluency in a foreign language creates unique job opportunities Fluency in A Foreign Language Should Be Required For All Students Before Graduation From High School In a world of advancing technology and higher education, it is crucial that students take time to develop unique talents and skills which will give them a competitive edge over the average individual. Though many doubt the ability of fluency in a foreign language to advance students in society, businesses, educational systems, governmental offices, and health care departments are all eager to hire students with skills in foreign languages. As globalization becomes more prevalent, foreign language skills are quickly becoming a vital factor in preparation for the future. Fluency in a foreign language should be required for all students before graduation from high school. First of all, fluency in a foreign language builds character. The time and commitment required from students to learn an entire new alphabet and vocabulary builds diligence. According to Walter Pauk, a prominent professor of education at Cornell University, developing an open mind to new phrases and grammar structures along with finding the time required to practice them are two difficulties commonly encountered when studying a foreign language (Pauk 2). Young mindsets are impressionable, and habits are installed early on as students begin to discover and incorporate grammatical structures particular to their mother tongues. In order to break these habits, students in foreign language study must constantly open their minds to accept new rules that are introduced. While relearning and sounding out basic vowels, students must also adjust to sentence patterns that have been completely inverted. Students learn to work efficiently with limited time allowances available between their busy schedules of daily life, striving to move beyond formerly learned language habits. Distractions are pushed aside as students repeat new sentence patterns, rewrite new alphabets, and reread literature that seems to make no sense. The Department of Education from the University of Pennsylvania reports, â€Å"The nature of language immersion teaches students how to stick to difficult tasks. This diligence translates to better performance on exams, because students will be more likely to persist on challenging problems† (in White 2). Regardless of how difficult a task appears to be, students who have mastered another language view the situation simply as one giant project to be conquered bit by bit. Constant and sincere effort spent learning a foreign language produces a firm determination in students to persevere and achieve their set goals. While the important character trait of diligence is being formed through foreign language study, the achievement realized by students as they begin to understand and converse in a second language is also producing a separate character trait of confidence. Introductory lessons in a foreign language start out as seemingly impossible to master, yet in due time begin to make sense. Excitement escalates as the brain starts functioning in another language and continues beyond the first few lessons alone. Dincay, a professor at Istanbul Arel University, notes, â€Å"the feeling of accomplishment that comes with [students’] first steps toward a second language can spur them on to a deeper and broader passion for learning in general† (Dincay 1). Students who reach an expertise level in foreign language carry that same capability acquired first through language studies over into other realms of life, producing competent results beyond areas concerning language alone. In her article, â€Å"Benefits of Being Bilingual,† Marcos writes, â€Å"Studies suggest that persons with full proficiency in more than one language (bilinguals) outperform similar monolingual persons on both verbal and nonverbal tests of intelligence† (Marcos 1). Proficiency in a foreign language develops a needed sense of accomplishment in students, enabling them to move on and conquer other tasks and responsibilities with rare poise and fortitude. They realize that unlike monolinguals, their lives are not confined to one culture alone, but can easily extend to impact an incredible realm of people throughout their lives. Fluency in a foreign language builds character traits such as diligence and confidence, both needed in daily life yet hard to produce. Secondly, fluency in a foreign language builds life skills. The ability to converse fluently in another language with an entirely new realm of people builds communication skills. Students unfamiliar with another country’s language will find it more difficult to understand and accept the specific guidelines associated with the language; however, as Ting-Toomey, professor of Human Communication studies at California State University, writes in her book, â€Å"To the native speakers, the rules of their language make perfect sense and are naturally more logical than those of any other languages† (Ting-Toomey 86). Fluency in a foreign language carries students far past the simple phrases of â€Å"Hello,† â€Å"How are you,† and â€Å"I love you,† and allows them, like the natives, to converse comfortably through a completely foreign vocabulary and grammatical set-up. Once students comprehend and begin to intelligently utilize a foreign language, they are able to understand and relate to the society and culture in a way that many never will. Ted Ward, Dean of International Studies and Missions for a time at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, writes in his book that â€Å"a highly competent level of [foreign] language skill allows [students] to conceive ideas and communicate them in a way that is synchronous with those of the people of the host culture† (Ward 154). Whereas monolinguals are often confined to the society of others who speak their language, students fluent in a foreign tongue are free to get involved in a second world. Benefits produced from the time and effort spent in mastering another language include filling out visa forms, reading public newspapers, and ordering from local restaurant menus with ease. Teaching, debating, and participating in discussions with words and phrases making the most sense to native speakers are yet other privileges opened up to students with foreign language skills. Along with better communication, the readiness to alternate between languages with family and friends builds flexibility skills. Bhattacharjee, author of the article â€Å"Why Bilinguals Are Smarter,† states, â€Å"In a bilingual’s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other† (Bhattacharjee 1). Students must constantly determine which language their listeners will understand and recall the correct words and grammatical format to use with that particular language. Though it might seem terribly overwhelming at first, Bhattacharjee concludes that â€Å"this interference . . . isn’t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise [,] . . . [forcing] the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles† (Bhattacharjee 1-2). Students fluent in a foreign language respond immediately to one picture, sentence, or idea with two answers from two different languages. Sometimes one particular language carries a better explanation or definition than another, and for the student fluent in a second language, the opportunity is open to decide which language better suits certain situations. Definitions go beyond one explanation alone, and society life is extended to two worlds rather than one. Students can be taught, or teach others from two vastly different spheres of humanity and not be overwhelmed. Third and finally, fluency in a foreign language creates unique opportunities. Fluency in a foreign language gives unique traveling opportunities. While discussing various advantages given to foreign language students, Dincay shares that although thousands of people gain from their travels across the globe each and every year, it is the bilingual students, particularly, which receive the much broader traveling experience. While everyday tourists remain simply outsiders peering through a glass into another country’s unique culture, those familiar with and fluent in the native tongue are able to step beyond that glass barrier and enjoy their visits with full easy and liberty (Dincay 2). Whether visiting historical landmarks, using public transportation systems, or shopping in local markets, students fluent in the foreign language of the country are not restricted to taking pictures, relying on others’ directions, or following suggested prices. They may raise questions over history, follow posted transportation signs, and bargain for better values. Fluency in a foreign tongue gives traveling students an opportunity to stand out with something special that most tourists cannot claim. In his book Why Johnny Should Learn Foreign Languages, Huebener states, â€Å"The American businessman who can speak the foreign tongue fluently and who can make intelligent comments on the art and literature of the country will gain not only the business but also the respect of the person he is dealing with† (Huebener 46). Tremendous time and energy are required to reach fluency in a language, and communicate incredible care and consideration to the country’s citizens as the student is seeking to enter their world and communicate with them on a much more intimate level than sign language alone. Many societies take great pride in their native language and culture and when another individual has developed a firm knowledge and unders tanding of it, the natives, in turn, form a strong appreciation and respect for these students that many outsiders have not taken the time to earn. Fluency in a foreign language does not only create unique traveling opportunities, but also gives unique job opportunities. As the world advances in higher education and technology, men across the globe are seeking to make resources available to all. As one director in the Center for Applied Linguistics shares, â€Å"The need for individuals who can speak and understand languages other than English is acute . . . from business and social services to national security and diplomacy† (Malone et al. 1). A stronger focus on internationalism is emerging, making interaction with people from different linguistic backgrounds inevitable. Washington State University advertises a brochure that considers careers such as â€Å"government, business, law, medicine and health care, teaching, technology, the military, communications, industry, social service, and marketing† to be promising fields for students fluent in a second language, namely because â€Å"an employer [sees them] as a bridge to new clients or customers† (â€Å"Knowing Other Languages Brings Opportunities† 2). Students fluent in a foreign language can easily connect businesses with customers from a wide array of linguistic backgrounds and handle international business without hiring outsiders to translate. Proficiency in a second language is a skill envied and sought after by several employers as they seek to hire a staff to serve and elevate their organization to its maximal potential. Fluency in a foreign language should be required for all students before graduation from high school. The advantages produced from foreign language fluency are incredible and the opportunities limitless. Students are set up for successful futures in modern society as they leave high school and transition into the career world as young adults, able to communicate freely and work confidently in global communities around the world. The foundation laid is vital for young people going out to begin their adult lives in today’s world. Bibliography Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit. Why Bilinguals Are Smarter. The New York Times. The New York Times, 17 Mar. 2012. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. Budig, Gene A. Foreign Language Study Vital to U.S. Students. Lawrence Journal World (8 May 2010): SR12. LJWorld.com. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. Dincay, Turgay. Advantages of Learning a Foreign Language at an Early Age. Todays Zaman. Todays Zaman, 25 Nov. 2011. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. Hawkins, Eric W. â€Å"Foreign Language Study and Language Awareness.† 1999: 124-42. Web. 2 Nov. 2012. Huebener, Theodore. Why Johnny Should Learn Foreign Languages. Philadelphia: Chilton Company, 1961. Print. â€Å"Knowing Other Languages Brings Opportunities.† New York: Washington State University, n.d. Foreign Languages and Cultures. Washington States University. Web. 4 Nov. 2012. Malone, Margaret E., et al. Attaining High Levels of Proficiency: Challenges for Foreign Language Education in the United States. CAL.org. Center For Applied Linguistics, 2005. Web. 2 Oct. 2012. Marcos, Kathleen M. Benefits of Being Bilingual. CAL.org. Center For Applied Linguistics, n.d. Web. 09 Oct. 2012. Pauk, Walter. Studying Foreign Languages. UWEC.edu. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, 13 Jan. 2012. Web . 7 Oct. 2012. Ting-Toomey, Stella. Communicating Across Cultures. New York: Guilford, 1999. Questia. Questia. Web. 2 Nov. 2012. Ward, Ted W. Living Overseas: A Book of Preparations. New York: Free Press, 1984. Print. White, Mercedes. Language Immersion Classrooms: Programs Are Popular, Diligence Translates to Performance. Deseret News. Deseret News.com, 29 Jan. 2012. Web. 1 Nov. 2012.

Edward Rowland Sill: An Early American Poet Essay -- Biography Biograp

Edward Rowland Sill: An Early American Poet Edward Rowland Sill was born in Windsor, Connecticut, in 1841. His mother's side of the family was religious, while his father's family was scientific. Deeply rooted in New England heritage, the Sill family could trace their ancestry back to Jonathan Edwards. Sill's background in religion and science led him to a life-long struggle between faith and doubt. He has been described as a "poet of antithesis, torn between intellectual conviction and spiritual question" (Ferguson 1). These qualities strongly shaped his personality as well as his writing style, and influenced him throughout his life as a poet and teacher. As a child, Sill was weak and constantly in poor health, leading to a chosen life of seclusion. Although he remained active in his later years both teaching and writing, Sill constantly struggled with his introspective qualities. He was quiet and shy, despite a "talent for friendship" (Ferguson 22), which he displayed upon entering Yale at age sixteen. At Yale, Sill spent two years in academic rebellion, refusing to conform to general expectations, and instead choosing to think for himself and follow his thirst for knowledge. During his last two years at Yale he matured into a deep thinker, still yearning for ultimate knowledge. The poems Sill published in the Yale Literary Magazine signaled the start of his writing career. Despite his university education, Sill remained indecisive about his future career. His love of knowledge pulled him in all directions, from writing to medicine. To make his final decision, he moved to California with his good friend Sextus Shearer. Ultimately, Sill spent a majority of his life writing and teaching, both on the East coast and the ... ...nd down. Send down Thy love, Thy life, Our lesser lives to crown, And cleanse them of their hate and strife: Thy living love send down. Send down Thy peace, O Lord: Earth’s bitter voices drown In one deep ocean of accord: Thy peace, O God, send down. Bibliography "Edward Rowland Sill." The Cambridge History of English and American Literature in 18 Volumes (1907-21). XVII.II. 14 Nov. 2002 < www.bartleby.com/227/0314.html>. Ferguson, Alfred Riggs. Edward Rowland Sill: The Twilight Poet. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1955. Sill, Edward R. "The Fools Prayer." 14 Nov. 2002 <http.//www.eyeontomorrow.com/ embracingthechild/Cfoolspray.html>. ---. "Opportunity." 14 Nov. 2002 <http.//www.geocites.com/sscolari0001/Opportunity.hyml>. ---. "Send Down Thy Truth , O God." 14 Nov. 2002 <http://www.cyberhymnal.org/ hym/s/d/sdttogod.htm>.

Back from Madness

The film entitled Back from Madness: The Struggle for Sanity is a full-length documentary that primarily provides the viewers an in-depth view with regard to the world of insanity that few people have ever seen. This documentary focuses on depicting and exploring the personal and/or actual experiences of the four psychiatric patients, namely Todd, Naomi, Glen and Eric, for a couple of years that span from the time they are admitted at Harvard’s Massachusetts General Hospital.The documentary serves as a good piece in assessing the experiences of psychologically-ill individuals and the responses of science in addressing the difficulties faced by the patients. More specifically, it has a great impact on the study and practice of psychology. From an observation of the patients, the four specific criteria of psychological disorders are apparent. The four criteria of psychological disorders are distress, risk, impairment, and socially/culturally unacceptable behavior (Halgin & Whitb ourne, 2007).Distress and impairment is seen from the experience of Glen, who consistently washes his hands and other tasks that require much of his energy in repeated cycles. This makes him feel distressed as it interferes in his daily normal activities. Risk is very obvious for Eric who has fallen into a state of depression that leads him to become suicidal. With his inability to play his instrument, as a part of a major orchestra, he developed fears of failure.Conduct of socially unacceptable behavior is seen in the experience of Naomi who is disturbed by her hallucinations as she claims to hear voices that came from the sky. The voice she hears overpowers her, too. Lastly, Todd engages in socially unacceptable behavior and resists to taking his medicines regularly that consequently leads to him being sent to the hospital and in jail. Two patients that are of worthy attention are Naomi and Glen, who are 23 years old and 53 years old, respectively.Naomi is diagnosed with schizophr enia and shows to be a patient who has hallucinations and delusions. She reports that she sometimes hears people talking even if it does not occur in reality. However, contrary to the usual symptoms of people with schizophrenia, Naomi has normal speech and behavior patterns. She behaves like most of the people and she is not having problems with speaking. Likewise, the way she expresses her emotions is still within the normal range and is in no way different from that of the other people.She desires to be given the right medication in order for her to continue with her studies and live a normal life without suffering from the symptoms of her disease. The other patient, Glen, is diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder and shows the typical symptoms of people who are suffering from this illness. He has shown the inability to prevent himself from repeatedly doing things and this behavior has led to distress and leads to disruptions in the daily routine, tasks, and relationships wi th other people.His condition is classified as among those which are severe in nature and requires treatment in order for him to be able to live a normal life and be able to undertake the tasks and responsibilities he has. As for schizophrenia, the common treatments involve psychotherapy and medications, which is both reinforced through the family and the self (Grohol, 2006). As for OCD, it is presently treated through therapy that involves exposure and response prevention and cognitive therapy (â€Å"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder,† 2009).These are among the modern ways of providing health care solutions for the psychologically-ill patients and are in sharp contrast with the approaches that are employed in the past. Historically, people with psychological illnesses are subjected to inhumane procedures such as imprisonment without proper care, activities that are considered as torture today, and drillings in skull with the belief that demons are trapped within the brain of the patients. The approaches today is seen to be based on scientific approaches that warrants empirical evidence through proper diagnosis before treatment is provided.Moreover, the treatments used presently are seen as those which stem from the desires of the early reformers in providing a moral means for addressing the needs of the patient considering that the past treatments are seen to be ineffective. Indeed, continuous research and development in treating psychological problems is a trend that is consistent within the history of abnormal psychology. The documentary is in line with the history of abnormal psychology such that it shows the different approaches in the past in terms of treating the patients and also shows the present-day methods.It is made clear that there are variations in terms of explaining what the illness could be and what the causes are. The transition and the comparison from before to the present day served as the theme of both the history of abnormal psychology and the documentary. In watching the experiences of the three patients, the hardest to watch is that of Todd as he has the different experience compared to the other three patients. Where the three others are able to have the persistence in seeking for medical help, Todd projected himself as the patient who would rather be free and went through refusals in drinking medicines regularly.Among the four patients, he has the least chance of getting better and is less successful in counteracting the symptoms and difficulties felt. Likewise, his experience is more traumatic as his refusal led him to being jailed and hospitalized. It is depressing to know that it is the patient himself who refuses to seek medical help despite the availability and access to such. The documentary, Back from Madness: Struggle into sanity, serves as an important tool in understanding different psychological disorders and the approaches to such.Likewise, the differences highlighted in the before and after is al so an interesting lesson in the field of abnormal psychology. Reference Grohol, J. (2006). Schizophrenia treatment. Retrieved February 11, 2009, from http://psychcentral. com/disorders/sx31t. htm. Obsessive compulsive disorder: symptoms, thoughts and behaviors, and treatment. Retrieved February 11, 2009, from http://www. helpguide. org/mental/obsessive_compulsive_disorder_ocd. htm. R. P. & Whitbourne, S. K. (2007). Abnormal Psychology: Clinical perspectives on psychological disorders (5th Ed. ). Boston: McGraw-Hill.

Analysis on Olin Corporation

Olin differentiates itself from competitors by focusing the merchant market. Sales and growth This is a cyclical industry. This cyclical arises because supply is limited by the physical capacity of manufacturing facilities and ability to sell the co-product. Given these are commodity products, prices are very responsive to changes in supply and demand. Timing capacity growth with the cycle leads to a growth in sales. Demand for end-products ultimately drives demand for Color Alkali. The energy advantage North America has by using natural gas instead of crude oil has grown exports of end-products.Customers Most of sales are to the merchant market. The company is able to capture a greater hare of the merchant chlorine market than its overall share of the market capacity because it focuses on the merchant market instead of using the products in downstream production. Costs and Suppliers Almost 50% of production costs is raw materials. The two major needs are electricity and salt. Electr icity comes from coal, hydroelectric, natural gas and nuclear power. Regulatory Olin must comply with legislation regarding the environment, such as air, water and land quality, which requires capital expenditures and increases operation costs.The company has programs in place to minimize waste and prevent pollution. Legislation as passed in October 2009 surrounding the use of mercury cell technology, but expired without enactment. This would have increased the costs of operating mercury cell capacity, of which Olin has one facility. Since it is uncertain whether something similar will happen in the future, Olin chose to convert its mercury cell capacity now, that lead to a restructuring charge incurred in 2010. Winchester Olin has held Winchester for 80 years. Winchester is â€Å"the premier developer and manufacturer of small caliber ammunition†.Production is located in East Alton, IL, but new plans were announced in 2010 to move this operation to Oxford, MS. This would be the most modern production facility in North America and reduce operating costs by $30 million. Competitive environment The ammunition industry creates branded consumer products. Factors contributing to product differentiation include performance, product innovation and brand recognition. Among competitors, Wellness's NAS Eden addle to leverage I TTS Drain name, making it one of the three largest commercial ammunition manufactures in the United States, along with Lillian Tachometers and Remington Arms Company.Sales and growth Winchester has been able to drive sales by being a retail brand of choice and an industry innovator. Recently, the company has developed reduced-lead and non-lead products. Sales are seasonal with an increase in sales during the fall hunting season. Several five-year contracts provide stability in future sales going forward. Currently, Winchester does have a backlog of $178. 1 million which is down from the previous year. Customers Customers include retailers, law enforcement agencies, and militaries.Winchester has developed strong relationships with industrial customers, mass merchants, wholesalers and specialty sporting goods retailers. The company also holds several entrants with the U. S. Government, accounting for 5% of sales in 2010. Costs and Suppliers The raw materials needed include copper, ammunition cartridge case cups, and lead, purchased from vendors at the market price plus a conversion charge. Propellant, the other raw material needed, is purchased mostly from one large U. S. Supplier. Management and Ownership Management has a strong understanding of long-term value creation.Olin uses a discounted cash flow model to value the company's goodwill and reviews their assumptions annually and/or when assumptions are changed by circumstances. Olin sees several compensation methods that help align management's interest with shareholders'. A table outlining compensation can be found on page 29 of the appendix. Institutions account f or 80% of the common stock while insiders hold less than 1%. Olin common stock, traded on New York Stock Exchange, has 80. 2 million shares outstanding with an estimated float of 79. 5 million.

Days of the Week in Italian Vocabulary

Days of the Week in Italian Vocabulary What day is the market open? And what day does the post office close early? What day of the week do you want to go to Chianti? Besides being able to tell the time, in order to figure out when to go to events and hang out with friends, you’ll need to know the days of the week in Italian. Whether you’re reviewing the vocabulary or you’re learning it for the first time, below you’ll find useful examples for everyday conversations along with cocktail party facts so you can better understand the culture. DAYS OF THE WEEK - I GIORNI DELLA SETTIMANA Monday - lunedà ¬Tuesday - martedà ¬Wednesday - mercoledà ¬Thursday - giovedà ¬Friday - venerdà ¬Saturday - sabatoSunday - domenica Notice how the first letter of the day of the week isn’t capitalized. In Italian, days of the week, months and seasons are all lowercase. Weekend - il fine settimana You can also say â€Å"il weekend.† Pronunciation Notice how there is a grave accent mark () on the vocabulary words for Monday through Friday. That accent mark lets you know where to put the stress in the word, so in this case, the stress falls on the last syllable â€Å"di.† Esempi: A: Che giorno à ¨ oggi? - What day is it today?B: Oggi à ¨ mercoledà ¬. - Today is Wednesday.Ieri era (à ¨ stato) martedà ¬. - Yesterday was Tuesday.Domani à ¨ giovedà ¬. - Tomorrow is Thursday.Il lunedà ¬ la maggior parte dei ristoranti sono chiusi. - On Mondays the majority of restaurants are closed.Il weekend il mercato à ¨ aperto. - The market is open on the weekends.Frequento le lezioni da lunedà ¬ a venerdà ¬. - I attend lessons from Monday to Friday.Parto per l’Italia sabato. - I’m leaving for Italy on Saturday.Perchà © non à ¨ ancora venerdà ¬!? - Why isn’t it Friday yet!?Sono libero venerdà ¬ sera. Ti va di andare al cinema? - I’m free Friday. Want to go to the movies?Il giorno pià ¹ bello della settimana à ¨ lunedà ¬ perchà © à ¨ l’inizio di una nuova settimana. - The greatest day of the week is Monday because it’s the start of a new week.A: Qual à ¨ il vostro giorno di riposo (di chiusura)? - When is your day o ff?B: Siamo chiusi tutte le domeniche mattina. -   Our day off is every Sunday morning. Lunedà ¬, martedà ¬, mercoledà ¬, giovedà ¬ e venerdà ¬ are INVARIABLE, so they don’t change in their plural form. Sabato e domenica, however, have a plural form when needed. (e.g.: ...i sabati; ...le domeniche.) Vado a danza tutti i lunedà ¬. - I take my dance class every Monday.La mensa rimane aperta pià ¹ a lungo le domeniche. - Dining hall stays open longer on Sundays.Ogni martedà ¬ raccolgono la carta. - Each Tuesday is paper garbage collection. Make Your Bridges for Tuesdays Thursdays When a religious festival or holiday, like Festa della Repubblica or Ognissanti, falls on a Tuesday (martedà ¬) or a Thursday (giovedà ¬), Italians oftentimes fare il ponte, which literally means to make the bridge, and figuratively means to make a four-day holiday. That means they take off the intervening Monday or Friday.

What is Custom Essay Writing

What is Custom Essay Writing What is Custom Essay Writing? A custom essay writing service supports students who do not have enough time to prepare for and complete essay projects because of their busy school and personal schedules. A custom essay writing service comes in handy to keep students’ grades as well as GPA scores at acceptable levels while they are going through tough times. A custom essay service can help students meet deadlines and eliminate the worry of not doing so. Writing Services to Choose From There are various custom essay writing services online that students all over the world may use. However, all of them are not equal. It is a good idea for students to do a bit of research about a particular writing company and ask questions prior to using their services. It is important that students choose a writing service that is reputable and has professionals on the staff experienced, creative and reliable writers, proofreaders, and editors. To choose a service you can trust to the fullest, one has to apply a lot of efforts and spend a lot of time. It is not only important to make sure they are able to produce the papers you need but also to revise the price policy, testimonials, recommendations, etc. Placing Essay Writing Requests It is a fact that most students using a custom essay service for the first time are unfamiliar with the process of placing an order. Reputable essay writing services will provide complete details about the ordering process on their website and will have a well-written Frequently Asked Questions section for students to refer to. Also, there should be a customer service team available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week if the writing service is competitive and committed to assisting. You may think that it is an additional option to search for a service that operates 24/7. Imagine that you have come home late yet want the service to let you know something concerning your order or ask the writer for revisions, but it is closed, and you have to wait until the next day. Uncomfortable, right? Benefits of Using a Writing Service Writing an essay is not an all that easy task, as it is a complex process that includes choosing an essay topic, conducting extensive research after finding qualified academic sources, organizing the information, developing an outline, writing the essay content, formatting an essay according to an assigned academic style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, etc.) as well as proofing and editing an essay for clarity. This process can take much time to complete, and it also requires a certain level of expertise. Using a custom essay writing service takes this process off the students’ shoulders. Many students have improved their grades and saved their GPAs from destruction by ordering custom essays. Assignments are handled by competent writers from a team of experienced essay writers well-versed in all academic disciplines such as high school, undergraduate, Masters, and PhD. In addition, using a writing service saves valuable time and eliminates the worry of creating a suitable paper as assigned. As well, most professional writing services offer a money-back guarantee, plagiarism-free papers, and complete confidentiality. Moreover, the ordering process is easy. Just visit the website of the custom essay writing service and follow their prompts to register your account and place an order.

Internet and International Commercial Law Dissertation

Internet and International Commercial Law - Dissertation Example The Internet has become the platform for sellers to show case their goods and services which the buyers and consumers alike could access them readily at competitive prices. Internet legal hassles increase with the ever increasing usage of internet internationally. Although disputes are resolved through long existing treaties, conventions and jurisdictions, some issues relating international applications and internet regulations are yet to be addressed. The United States law is the frequently applied law to set right legal issues arising out of international internet legal difficulties concerning e-commerce of not only Americans but also people outside the American jurisdiction, Just as the United States have legislated Internet-related laws, there are Cyber-Crime Conventions, the Hague Conventions on Jurisdictions and judgments, rulings of the World Intellectual Property Organisation and the United Nations Internet Governance available for applications in the international commerce t ransactions. The Hague Choice of Court Convention aims to remove uncertainty in the issues of jurisdiction, judgement recognition in online transactions governed by International business-to-business to agreements. Obviously consumer transactions are not included. The Hague Convention’s provision for honouring of forum selection clauses will ensure incorporation jurisdiction in the international contract agreements and in turn facilitate recognition of the relevant court’s judgment as also its enforcement globally i.e amongst the signatory countries. It is noteworthy that a domestic agreement cannot designate a foreign court. Apart from International Internet law, International Internet case law has also developed over the years. For example, choice of law and recognition of judgement were an issue in La Ligue Contre Le Racisme et L'Antisemitisme v. Yahoo, in which a French court issued its judgement regarding an Internet case dealing with sale of Nazi-related items. T his became an issue in the United States when the French court’s judgement was sought to be enforced in the U.S. As most of the International Internet disputes in the United States claim jurisdiction outside the U.S., parties to the dispute application of non-American law. In Dow Jones v Gutnick, the High Court of Australia decided in favour of an Australian to bring action for defamation on a U.S. party for an Internet article published on American Server and downloaded in Australia.2 United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts This convention of 2004 aims to eliminate legal uncertainty in the use of electronic communications during the course of international commerce as the uncertainty is a potential obstacle to international commerce. Besides elimination of uncertainty, the convention aims to bring in uniform rules to be adopted so as to remove obstacles said above and to remove possible problems that may be encountered in the operation of international trade law instruments such as Letter of Credit etc. The uniform rules also recognize the parties’ freedom to select media and technologies of their choice so as to uphold the principles of technological neutrality and functional equivalence. This would ensure that electronic means chosen by the parties are in compliance with law. Thus this Convention applies where parties to a contract are from different countries.

Reflection on the revolution in France Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflection on the revolution in France - Essay Example Burke’s stand is clarified when he writes â€Å"no man should be the judge in his own cause†.1And â€Å"this can only be done by a power out of themselves and not in the exercise of its function, subject to that will and to those passions which it is its office to bridle and subdue†. 2The French revolutionists demonstrated this point when they overlooked their main cause, which was freedom and started demanding equality, which is also known as ‘freedom’s enemy’. Burke opined that liberty although a necessity, should however be limited, otherwise it can result in extreme chaos. Burke also focused primarily on presenting practical solutions instead of fixating on the metaphysics when he writes â€Å"What is the use of discussing a man's abstract right to food or to medicine? The question is upon the method of procuring and administering them. In this deliberation I shall always advise to call in the aid of the farmer and the physician, rather t han the professor." 3He was a Whig and a Protestant and while rejecting a monarchic government he also accentuated the need of adhering to rules of the government to keep the nation functioning in the appropriate order. Burke stresses upon man’s complex nature and the subtleties that affect it when he says: â€Å"The nature of man is intricate; the objects of society are of the greatest possible complexity: and therefore no simple disposition or direction of power can be suitable either to man’s nature or to the quality of his affairs†. 4 He criticizes the governments for being ignorant and not fully capable of making the right decisions by keeping in mind man’s complicated temperament and the situation at that place and time. â€Å"Political reason is a computing principle; adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing, morally and not metaphysically, or mathematically, true moral denominations†. 5 Here Burke assumes that man’s actions are related to his own being or points of interest and he does not necessarily act according to his fellow’s welfare. With this in mind Burke believed that there is a need for a flexible social control depending on the circumstances at that particular moment. Burke was in fact, both a monarchist and a democrat. At times he looks up to the controlled regime of a King or a dictator whereas sometimes he consents a democratic government and the rights it gives its citizens. During Burke’s time there was a lot of confusion about the way things should be. The way governments worked was changing and if we follow his ways we see not so much political philosophy as everyday rationality. Burke was a true traditionalist and it was his words that defined conservatism. Having read his writings in this day and age, it can only be hoped that he would approve of the way our governments’ work. However nothing can be said about whether he would approve of the results because governme nts nowadays cross several norms and have many different ways to work around various rules. We are not sure of what the individual rights of people really are and have lost the focus to more false rights of masses that beg for increased modifications. This has affected society in more ways that we know. We are getting lost in this distorted society that we live in, something that Burke would have not respected or supported. Burke tried his best to create a balance between political requirements and the realities of human nature. We cannot say that his solutions were flawless however they also

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in action Article

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in action - Article Example Kellogg has had a rich history of corporate social responsibility which is designed to address the challenges posed by the dynamic external environment. The company has been involved in a wide range of activities and initiatives which are aimed at enhancing the quality of life both within and beyond the organization. In terms of activities internal to the organization, Kellogg encourages employee volunteerism, promotes diversity at work place and ensures a healthy and safe workplace. It ensures provision and sale of nutritious product in a bid to promote healthy living for all its customers. As a part of its CSR initiatives Kellogg contributes to various institutions which promote healthy living and food consumption among its customers. This includes contribution of funds to YMCAs Activate America campaign, Action for Healthy Kids initiative which is involved in reducing obesity among kids; the Kelloggs Swim Active program which provides swimming facilities to youngsters in the UK, as part of its mission to promote healthy lifestyles; the Global FoodBanking Network which is actively involved in providing hunger-relief to various countries across the world etc., among many others. The motto of the company indicates a strong social commitment as an inherent aspect of its trade, a tradition which the management has followed since over a hundred years. Its dedicated efforts to ensure a safe and healthy environment for its workforce, promotion of equality and diversity at workplace, a dedicated commitment to conserve and protect natural resources for promoting sustainable growth; and a broad social goal of ensuring well being of the community at large, as a part of its corporate social responsibility strategy, helped the company gain widespread acclaim and support. It helped the company in creating a positive reputation in the market, and in generating goodwill among its investors. The company

Impact of mass communications and mass media within modern culture

Impact of mass communications and mass media within modern culture The culture is very diverse. It is quite evident that due to the dramatic development of mass communications and mass media the modern culture impacts on many national cultures around the world. Every society is a legacy of the institutes. These institutes are kind of a collection of habits and customs. Without culture, the real freedom is impossible. Many researchers are certain that modern challenges require a resolute approach to the problems, and that chief problems appear in the area of culture and their solution is in the development of culture. All nations that are cultured in a traditional sense have their folklore, their own cultural identity elaborated by many generations. Thor Hansen claimed: Culture is something that evolves out of the simple, enduring elements of everyday life; elements most truthfully expressed in the folk arts and crafts of a nation. We make history; but we are also made by our history. Individuals and societies constantly move in history and use it as a reservoir of experience, allegiance and ideals that craft identities and outlooks. The patina of history ages the present. But more important: when today is steeped in a vision of the past it becomes a means to envision and shapes a trajectory into the future. History is never a dead letter, even if we fail to learn its lessons, or refuse anything except reliving its mistakes. (Sardar, 2002, p.11) Tradition, heritage, modernism all contested terms. But no less contested are the very words art and history, the one leading away from, the other towards, a time-based judgement of the ethical outcomes of creative practice. But it is precisely when the terms are held in dialectical conflict that they function together to produce illuminations not just of the past, not just of the present, but of the processes of change in which we all humanity now alive must take our places. (Sardar, 2002, p.14) The aim of the present work is to found such phenomena as modernism, postmodernism and contemporary art as cultural reference points. In connection with this aim, the following tasks can be set: to look at the history of these movements; to relate the art movements under concern with social developments. Cultural situation of the end of XIX first half of XX centuries developed under the sign of modernism. Fauvism, impressionism, cubism, futurism, abstractionism, Dadaism, surrealism are not nearly the full list of modernistic art movements. Modern (fr. Moderne means newest, modern, Art Nouveau, Jugendstil) European and American art style of the end of XIX early XX centuries. Modernism is variously argued to be a period, style, genre or combination of the above; but it is first of all word, one that exists, alongside cognate words. Its stem, modern-, is a term that, from the latin modo, means current, and so has a far wider currency and range of meanings than modernism. (Childs, 2008, p. 12-13) The new style spread all over Europe and first influenced architecture and decorative art. Modern representatives used new technical and structural facilities, open-plans, unique architectural decor in order to create extraordinary, deeply individualized buildings. Plastic and fluent lines, floral patterns are typical for modern. Modern architecture,  new architectural style that emerged in many Western countries in the decade after World War I. It was based on the rational use of modern materials, the  principles  of functionalist planning, and the rejection of historical precedent and ornament. This style has been generally designated as modern, although the labels International style,  Neue Sachlichkeit,  and functionalism have also been used. (Answers.com) Speaking about modern in the broad sense the term avant-gardism may also be used. In other words the art movements mentioned above can be named either modernist or avant-garde ones. Avant-Garde the term was first applied to artists in the nineteenth century to indicate those whose work seemed to be at the forefront of new developments in art as opposed to artists who hitched their artistic fortunes to Academic conformity and as such its linguistic fortunes have paralleled Modernism (although theorists such as Peter Burger prefer to see the two as separate). Some critics have argued that with the demise of Modernism and the inception of Post Modernism, avant-gardes too have disappeared. (Investigating Modern Art, 1996, p. 173) Considering the above mentioned material we can state that avant-gardism is connected with the retreat of culture from realism and declaration of art independence from reality. Creation of new and unique style and language in art. Let us go into particulars of art movements of modernism. Impressionists were against conventionalities of classicism, romanticism and academism, they insisted on the beauty of day-to-day life, simple democratic motives, strove for true-to-life honesty of picture, tried to catch the impression got from what an eye sees at the particular moment. The landscape is considered the most typical theme of impressionists. (Britt, 1990, p. 11) Cubism signified total rupture of connection with real image of the nature, which had been predominating in European painting since Renaissance. The aim of Picasso and Braque was to construct three-dimension form on the plane, its partitioning into geometric elements. Both painters were inclined to simple tangible forms, uncomplicated themes, what was especially typical of early cubism. (Britt, 1990, p. 159-161) Dadaists didnt develop their own original style. They lurched from one extreme to another, tried by any means (including provocative behavior) to shock self-complacent middlebrow. Cross-cutting, collage and ready-made (ordinary items presented as a work of art) were favorite Dadaism genres. Dadaism became popular very fast (especially in New York, where Marcel Duchamp was its leader), but the formed movement existed for a small period of time only. (Britt, 1990, p.203-210) It influenced much to other movements, in particular to surrealism (in its devotion to absurd and fantastic), abstract expressionism and conceptual art. Freuds theory of the unconscious and his method of free associations as a way to pass from consciousness to the unconscious are the source of Surrealism. However, the forms of these ideas expression were quite different among surrealists. For instance, Dali drew his illogical paintings, resembling nightmares, with religious exactitude, likelihood enhancing impression of hallucination or delusion. Mark Ernst, in his turn, worked out his paintings nearly automatically, turned off his mentality, preferring arbitrary characters, which often transferred into abstraction. Though Joan Miro is distinguished from other surrealistic painters by variety and cheerfulness of paintings. (Britt, 1990, p. 226-245) If we aggregate all historic facts and description of modernism in art, it is possible to assert that the feature of this movement is harmonious combination of very different things, and it constitutes its attractiveness and uniqueness. The age of modernism needed painters with universal talents. Postmodernism literally means something after modernism, or the contemporary times. The genealogy of the term postmodernism dates back to 1917. It was first used by the German philosopher Rudolf Pannwitz in his work Crisis of European Culture. He was talking about a new person, called to overcome the decline. It was just a paraphrase of the Nietzsches idea of a superman. (Cahoone, 2003, p.2) If we disregard further uses of the term, the next stage, leading directly to modern disputes, was a literary discussion of the sixties in the USA. (Ward, 1997, p. 8-9) Initially, postmodernism denoted the crisis of avant-garde literature in it. However, later the term acquired a positive meaning denoting hopes to overcome the crisis, in particular, the gap between elite and mass culture. This term is used more and more often to characterize innovations in literature and art, and also transformations in the social and economic, technological and social and political sphere. (Ward, 1997, p. 4-7) Postmodernism receives the status of a notion in 80s first of all thanks to the works of Lyotard who spread the discussion of postmodernism to the sphere of philosophy. (Ward, 1997, p. 169-170) In the culture of postmodernism there is a trend called neo-expressionism. This is a trend in the art of certain artists in the USA and Europe, especially Germany, which appeared at the end of 1970s. The artists turned again to the expressive means of Expressionism, every time creating a very individual style, often charged with aggression and nervous twist. (Heartney, 2001, p. 13-18) In the postmodernism epoch there were such interesting terms as postmodernist feminism. From the mid 80s, the increasing number of feminists who studied the implications of postmodernism for the benefit of feminism discussed the problem of their common foundation and even described their own theories as postmodernist ones. According to Linda Nicholson, if feminism continues this movement towards a more historical, non-universal, non-essentialist theory, the one that acknowledges differences between women, then feminism will become postmodernism in its essence. However, this movement also means that feminism should reject universal statements concerning the gender, patriarchate and concerning women or a woman. For many feminists it means rejecting too much. (Heartney, 2001, p. 51-54) In the seventies, new trends appeared in the architecture. There is even an exact date July 15, 1972. On this day a block of new comfortable houses was blown up in the city of Saint Louis. (Introducing Postmodernism, 2004, p. 115) I think that postmodernism serves as assimilation of the experience of artistic avant-garde. However, unlike avant-garde, postmodernism fully erases the border between formerly independent spheres of spiritual culture and levels of consciousness between scientific and ordinary consciousness, high art and kitsch. The postmodernist attitude to culture appears as a result of violating the purity of such a phenomenon as art. Postmodernism consciously moves away from creating original works to collage. And the strategy of postmodernism does not consist in assertion of destruction versus creation.

Prostitution Should be Legalized :: Argumentative Persuasive Prostitutes Essays

Prostitution Should be Legalized Prostitution is known as the oldest profession in the world, however, many states in the U.S. outlaw it. The textbook definition of prostitution is the "act or practice of engaging in sexual acts for money" ("Prostitution," Macmillan 805). Nevada is the first in the United States to legalize prostitution. Although the long term effects of legalized prostitution is uncertain, the short term effects have been economically beneficial. Prostitution should be legalized because not only could it financially benefit the country, but it could also reduce crime. There are many reasons why prostitution is illegal in 49 U.S. states today. First, and foremost, many people feel that prostitution should stay illegal in order to preserve morality. Parents do not want their children to grow up thinking that prostitution is acceptable. Worse yet, parents do not want to hear their children say, "When I grow up, I want to be a prostitute." Christianity also looks down upon prostitution because according to their beliefs, the act of sex is only to be done when a man and a women are in love and married. Monogamy is to be practiced in the marriage, and any violation of this is considered a sin. Another reason why the preservation of morality is so important is that people's morals shape the future of a nation. Many people feel that if prostitution is legalized, then its long term effects would be detrimental to the United States. The divorce rate in the United States peaked at an all time high in 1980 ("Marriage" 56). By the legalization of prostitution, this would allow room for husbands and wives to commit adultery. Thus, leading the marriage to a divorce. "The divorce rate has really increased over the centuries. In the U.S. today, the divorce rate is fifty percent of the U.S." (Holland 86). Second, prostitution is a great health risk to the U.S. because of the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). A major concern about STDs is the spread of AIDS, which is currently a deadly STD because a cure has not been found for the disease. The transmission of STDs is already on the rise due to many uneducated teenagers having unprotected sex. In addition, most of theses teens are not going to a physician to be screened for STDs. Because of this, many curable STDs are going untreated and being spread throughout a community.

Figures in literature Essay

â€Å"As figures in literature, the women portrayed in these stories are either worshipped of they are victims; they are rarely just allowed to be themselves†. Women of the nineteenth century were generally regarded as being inferior to men and were treated with little respect. At the beginning of the century, women enjoyed few of the legal, social or political rights that are now taken for granted in western countries. This meant that they could not vote, could not sue or be sued, could not testify in court, were rarely granted legal custody of their children in cases of divorce, were barred from institutions of higher education and had extremely limited control over personal property after marriage. Women were expected to remain subservient to their fathers and husbands. Their occupational choices were also extremely limited. Middle and upper class women generally remained at home, caring for their children and running the household while lower-class women often were domestic servants or labourers. Many women had to fight the battle of conforming to society’s views against their own freedom and independence, an idea which â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, â€Å"The Woman’s Rose† and â€Å"26 Men and a Girl† discuss and explore. Therefore women often could not be themselves. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† shows the narrator’s struggle to deal with both mental and physical confinement. The narrator is mentally trapped by the views of society and her husband, John. She is not allowed to be herself so she confides in â€Å"dead paper†. This allows the reader to see who she is – a strong-minded and independent woman, shown by the repetition of â€Å"personally†. Physically the narrator is trapped by the room which she is staying in, â€Å"for the windows are barred†. These barred windows can symbolise entrapment or a prison cell. From the beginning of the text the story is very personal as it is written in the first person. The narrator is very interesting as she writes using many one sentence paragraphs, making the story seem very realistic, â€Å"Still I proudly declare that there is something queer about it. † The realism comes from the narrator’s style of writing – continuous streams of thought which could also suggest her state of mind. In the story the narrator shows us that she does not get anything she wants, â€Å"John has complete control†. John controls every aspect of the narrator’s life, even her thoughts. This becomes clear when she is writing, but then stops and contradicts herself. The narrator finds herself stopping her line of thought for fear of what John would say, â€Å"I know John would think it absurd. † Everything in and around the house is separated and divided, boxed in, and locked like a prison, much as she is held captive in her own room, â€Å"there are hedges and walls and gates that lock, and lots of separate little houses for the gardeners and people†¦ I never saw such a garden – large and shady, full of box-bordered paths,† In fact, the house itself seems designed for men. Larger-than-life mansions were typically symbols of masculine aggression and competitiveness, while it’s being a â€Å"hereditary estate† reminds us it was probably passed down to men in the family. It is immediately apparent in the story that the narrator is treated as being inferior to many men, particularly her husband John. Being a physician, he has made a ‘schedule’ for her. She is told to stay in bed, suppress her imagination, and most importantly to discontinue her writing, even though it makes her feels better, but she does not say a word. Her schedule also makes her unable to show her true personality. The readers are the only ones who really know what the narrator is like, â€Å"Personally I disagree with their ideas,† she writes, â€Å"Personally, I believe that congenial work, with excitement and change, would do me good. † From this repetition of â€Å"personally† we can assume that the narrator is very independent. This statement, â€Å"What is one to do? † implies a lack of self-confidence and a feeling of inferiority. She speaks as though her opinions do not count in any way. However, she is very accepting of this, which was often the general feeling of women at the time. The narrator belittles herself several more times throughout the story â€Å"I meant to be such a help to John, such a real rest and comfort, and here I am a comparative burden already†. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is driven by the narrator’s enthusiasm to interpret the wallpaper and realise that it symbolizes something that affects her directly. The wallpaper develops its symbolism throughout the story. At first it seems merely unpleasant; it is ripped and an â€Å"unclean yellow. † The worst part of it is the formless pattern, which fascinates the narrator as she attempts to figure out how it is organized. After staring at the paper for hours, she sees a ghostly sub-pattern behind the main pattern visible only in a certain light. She then sees a woman, which could be a sign that her mental state is deteriorating, or it could be a projection of the narrator onto the wallpaper. This woman puts an element of mystery and excitement in the narrator’s life and it gives her something to think about other than her own health. The desperate woman is constantly crawling and stooping, looking for an escape from behind the main pattern, which has come to resemble bars of a cage. The bars of the cage can symbolise the barred windows in the narrator’s room which in turn symbolise jail. The wallpaper can also represent society’s view in which the narrator finds herself to be trapped by. When the narrator finally identifies herself with the woman trapped in the wallpaper, she is able to see that other women are forced to creep and hide behind the domestic patterns of their lives, and that she herself is the one in need of rescue. The horror of this story is that the narrator must lose herself to understand herself. She has untangled the pattern of her life, but she has torn herself apart by getting free of it. An odd detail at the end of the story reveals how much the narrator has sacrificed. Now she is horribly â€Å"free† of the constraints of her marriage, her society, and her own efforts to repress her mind. The narrator has no name which could show the lack of identity and recognition women were used to in the nineteenth century. However, the fact that the narrator has no name could mean that Charlotte Perkins Gilman wanted the narrator to symbolise all women at that time. The narrator seems to have a lack of self esteem and is unsure about her thoughts and what she wants to say. This can be seen when she breaks up her sentences using hyphens, â€Å"I wonder – I begin to think – oh I wish John would take me away from here! † The narrator is free of her constraints of her marriage as she has detached herself from her husband, John. While she would usually call him â€Å"John† or â€Å"my husband† she now refers to him as â€Å"that man†, which can underline the fact that her strength as a woman and also her strength as a character has increased. The end of the story shows a switch in power between the narrator and John. At the beginning John had all the power, however at the end the narrator has power over him. We can see this when John comes into the locked room and faints in her path, â€Å"now why should that man have fainted? â€Å", [†¦ ] â€Å"I had to creep over him every time† which can also suggest the fact that women can gain temporary control over men, but they will never seem to be free of them. At the end of the story the narrator believes she has won, â€Å"I’ve got out at last† by setting the woman free from behind the main pattern of the wallpaper. By setting the woman free from behind the wallpaper it can also suggest to the narrator is being set free as well. The narrator made a huge sacrifice in escaping and as a result, at the end of the story, we see that she has lost her narrative; her writing has become less fluent and fragmented, with no structured pattern. This can be seen on the last two pages with the extensive use of exclamation marks. There would be many social consequences of the narrator’s actions. By setting free the woman, it implies that the narrator and the woman are very much the same, as they are both trapped; the yellow wallpaper is trapping the woman, but the barred windows and society are trapping the narrator.